--- title: "New and Updated Articles" id: "51018" type: "page" slug: "article" published_at: "2023-07-09T21:42:15+00:00" modified_at: "2025-11-06T17:16:21+00:00" url: "http://localhost/about/recent-updates/article/" markdown_url: "http://localhost/about/recent-updates/article.md" --- [Gremlins, the Adventure](/article/gremlins-the-adventure/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 05.31.26* [Letters](/article/letters-24/) Micro-Prolog Dear Sir, Reference the question in your last magazine about the availability of the program “Prologue” for the ZX Spectrum computer. Sinclair Research commissioned a version of the Prolog language for the Spectrum and sold it for about 30 Brit. pounds. However, when the rights to the Spectrum were transferred to Amstrad, all production[…](/article/letters-24/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.31.26* [YS Megabasic](/article/ys-megabasic/) YS Megabasic adds 35 commands to Spectrum basic, several fonts, window capability, sprites, multi-tasking, enhanced sound, named procedures, a Z80 monitor, trace function and more. *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.31.26* [Spectrum Conversion Notes: The Spectrum Expansion Connector](/article/spectrum-conversion-notes-the-spectrum-expansion-connector/) Convert the 2068 expansion connector to a Spectrum connector; add pull-up resistors to the EXROM socket; Spectrum Hardware Manual by Adrian Dickens; Easy Add On Projects for Your Spectrum, ZX81 & ACE by Owen Bishop. *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.31.26* [Adding a Joystick For the Spectrum/2068](/article/adding-a-joystick-for-the-spectrum-2068/) Having converted your 2068 to Spectrum mode of operation, you will find that most British software can be operated successfully from the keyboard, but a joystick might make life a little easier. While the joystick ports may be successfully accessed by the appropriate IN commands, this is of little use for commercial software. A variety[…](/article/adding-a-joystick-for-the-spectrum-2068/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.31.26* [American Football](/article/american-football/) I obtained this program because it sounded like a good “warm-up” for a certain interest (or “habit” as some may like to call it) that I have in the Fall. You may have guessed by now, that it is Pro Football, but I will not bore you with details about my favorite team (except that[…](/article/american-football/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.31.26* [2068/Spectrum Wares](/article/2068-spectrum-wares/) First of all, some user correspondence: Bob Welburn of Lake Worth, FL writes, “I purchased an emulator from Jack Keene, Dallas, TX, and found it to be terrific! Simply insert in the T/S 2068 cartridge port. It has it’s own on/off switch with LED indicator light. Good buy for $35.” Syd Wyncoop of Portland, OR[…](/article/2068-spectrum-wares/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.31.26* [ZIP Basic Compiler](/article/zip-basic-compiler/) The resident language in the T/S 2068 is Sinclair BASIC (an altered version of Microsoft BASIC). BASIC is a relatively easy language to learn and thus an easy means of communicating with the microprocessor. The microprocessor can perform approximately 1/2 a million operations per second. Then, why is BASIC so slow? The processor only uses[…](/article/zip-basic-compiler/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.31.26* [Zebra Graphics Tablet for 2068](/article/zebra-graphics-tablet-for-2068/) Have you been looking for a way to do screen displays easier than figuring the PLOT and DRAW positions? This may be the way to accomplish the task. The ZEBRA GRAPHICS TABLET is the same one that you may have seen for other computers (also known as the KoalaPad). The system for the Timex/Sinclair 2068[…](/article/zebra-graphics-tablet-for-2068/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.31.26* [Adventures in the RAM Jungle and Other Mysteries](/article/adventures-in-the-ram-jungle-and-other-mysteries/) In my article “Automatically Set RAMTOP Without Destroying The Program” published in the July-August issue, the GOSUB stack was very briefly discussed. This article will delve more deeply into this subject. I will also cover how to determine the extent of the “Safe Area” in the TS 1000 and 1500. The safe area determines the[…](/article/adventures-in-the-ram-jungle-and-other-mysteries/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.31.26* [Pablo Pixel-O](/article/pablo-pixel-o/) I have thoroughly enjoyed my ZX-81 for years. I have added a full-size keyboard, 64k of memory and the Timex/ Sinclair 2040 Printer. I’ve always lamented the lack of high-resolution graphics, but have never felt compelled to invest the extra money for the needed hardware or s/w. The following program will allow you to use[…](/article/pablo-pixel-o/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.30.26* [Bits and Pieces](/article/bits-and-pieces-4/) MAXWELL DEAL FALLS THROUGH In a surprising turn of events, the Robert Maxwell plan to buy-out Sinclair Research has back-fired. The earlier offer that was made this last summer (that had been accepted) was withdrawn. Therefore, the situation at Sinclair as far as ownership, remains unchanged. Sir Clive is still the Chairman, and still owns[…](/article/bits-and-pieces-4/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.30.26* [Letters](/article/letters-34/) Thanks for the TASWORD TWO tips (in the May/June 1985 issue). I have tried to use these in my Tasword Two PROBLEM. When I try to print double-spacing, ect; the program locks up! I do not have information for the 2040 printer per line feed, baud rate, ect. Would you care to have another article[…](/article/letters-34/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.30.26* [Editor's Corner](/article/editors-corner-8/) This issue I want to take a minute, and examine…just who are the people that use Timex/Sinclair computers? For my research, I conducted a very informal survey from the subscription and correspondence files of Time Designs Magazine. The results of this brief but non-scientific study may not suprise you at all. There is just about[…](/article/editors-corner-8/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.30.26* [A Monitor Adapter for the T/S 1500](/article/a-monitor-adapter-for-the-t-s-1500/) For several years, publications have carried articles on connecting T/S 1000 and ZX81 computers to monitors, to improve the quality of screen image that some TVs lack. There have been mainly 2 approaches, (1) install a complex converter to give a reverse screen image of white on black, (2) install a simple transistor adapter to[…](/article/a-monitor-adapter-for-the-t-s-1500/) *article, orig pub: 08.24.21, updated: 05.30.26* [Trick or Treat](/article/trick-or-treat/) Its Halloween night and you find yourself without an edible treat in the house. Computer owners, you can trick the kids with a treat sweeter to children than any candy. Turn to your computer, type in our Trick or Treat program, move the computer into your foyer, and you and your computer will be ready[…](/article/trick-or-treat/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Pulse Rate](/article/pulse-rate/) After you’ve logged in your daily jog around the block (see “Logging Your Jogging,” pages 80 to 82). you might want to test your Pulse Rate by typing in this program and running it. When your computer tells you to stand by . . ., place your fingertip (not your thumb) on the Lnner surface[…](/article/pulse-rate/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Jack-O'-Lantern](/article/jack-o-lantern/) Throw out your Swiss army knife; this Halloween you can carve a pumpkin with a cursor! That’s right: just type this program into your computer, run it, and your computer will create a Jack-o’-Lantern right on your screen! Put the monitor in your front window, and watch your pumpkin be the talk of the neighborhood[…](/article/jack-o-lantern/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [What's In Store/New Hardware: Timex Sinclair 1500](/article/whats-in-store-new-hardware-timex-sinclair-1500/) The little Timex Sinclair 1500 comes equipped with 16K RAM, which can be expanded to 32K. In contrast with the flat-membrane keyboard of the TS1000, the TS1500 has 40 fullmovement keys, including 22 graphics characters. The TS1500 also features the “one touch” key-word entry, first introduced on the TS1000. This allows the user to enter[…](/article/whats-in-store-new-hardware-timex-sinclair-1500/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Rad Rhymer](/article/rad-rhymer/) Insert your names into a nursery rhyme. *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Learn Names Quicker!](/article/learn-names-quicker/) Memorization game. *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Computer Buyer's Guide: Timex Sinclair 1000](/article/computer-buyers-guide-timex-sinclair-1000/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Aging Fast While Learning BASIC](/article/aging-fast-while-learning-basic/) Future Age Calculator program *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Nibbles: Timex Sinclair Resource](/article/nibbles-timex-sinclair-resource/) The Timex Sinclair User’s Encyclopedia lists a wide variety of game, home management, business, and personal productivity software for the TS 1000, 2068. and Sinclair ZX81 computers. It also includes a programmer’s guide. Published by Arrays. Inc., of Los Angeles, the $14.95 book is available at bookstores and at some computer stores. *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Ice Cream Cone](/article/ice-cream-cone/) As you lie in your hammock on a hot summer’s day, languidly fanning yourself with a copy of family computing, do you ever fantasize about eating a big, delicious, dripping ice cream cone? But does the thought of trudging through the hot streets to the neighborhood store require more energy than you can muster? Well[…](/article/ice-cream-cone/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [A Year to Remember](/article/a-year-to-remember/) “MAN SNATCHED BY UFO!” was the headline on page two of the local paper. Just before the man disappeared, his wife, Mrs. Harry Winkler, reports, they were sitting quietly at home watching TV. All of a sudden she noticed her oven door opening and closing and the hands on her kitchen clock spinning wildly. Their[…](/article/a-year-to-remember/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Renegade Robot](/article/renegade-robot/) The top-secret building where you work is guarded by a robot. One day you arrive at work and find the robot missing. Puzzled, you enter the building and immediately sense that something has gone wrong. Strange noises are coming from a distant corridor. You investigate and discover that it’s the sound of the robot, twirling[…](/article/renegade-robot/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [What's In Store: VU-3D](/article/whats-in-store-vu-3d/) When Timex Computer Corp. began showing the TS 2068 Color Computer last fall, the star of every demonstration was a graphics package called VU-3D. It’s a fascinating program that duplicates the capabilities of some of the lower end professional Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems which sold for tens of thousands of dollars only a few[…](/article/whats-in-store-vu-3d/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 05.29.26* [Bob's Notebook: TS2068 Interrupts](/article/bobs-notebook-ts2068-interrupts/) The Z80 has three Interrupt modes (IM) two of which are of special interest to the programmer. An “interrupt” is a signal sent to the microprocessог, which generally suspends the execution of the current program without the program being aware of it. IM1 is the normal operating mode for the TS2068 and when an interrupt[…](/article/bobs-notebook-ts2068-interrupts/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 05.12.26* [Membership Profile: Jim Horne](/article/membership-profile-2/) I spend about 12-16 hours a day hacking away on this little black box doing who knows what. It could be anything from working on my new rom to making tapes for customers, or trying to straighten out the clubs library. I’m transferring the library over to disc so that I can allow access to[…](/article/membership-profile-2/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.15.26* [Transferring MSDOS files to the TS2068](/article/transferring-msdos-files-to-the-ts2068/) Recently I was given an MSDOS disk by Bill Harmer, of Ottawa, to see what I could do with it. This article describes my experience with transferring this and subsequent MSDOS files to the TS2068 using the Larken LKDOS. When I first received the disk I found that the Larken disk system, as I expected,[…](/article/transferring-msdos-files-to-the-ts2068/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.14.26* [An Interesting Membership Profile](/article/an-interesting-membership-profile/) At the April meeting, brief autobiographies were submitted by 36 of the 40 plus attendees, which had been requested to help plan meeting agendas and the thrust of the News Letter. The results were interesting and helpful to the editor and the officers of your club. Twenty five had strong technical backgrounds from PhD in[…](/article/an-interesting-membership-profile/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.12.26* [Membership Profile](/article/membership-profile/) I am a school teacher, Grade 7/8 level, in the Math, Science and Geography areas. I presently use a TS 2068, Spectrumized with a Rainbow emulator and edge-connector, to which I have piggy-backed a AGF joystick interface and a LPRINT III Centronics printer interface. The latter drives a Panasonic KX-P1080 printer. I use a black[…](/article/membership-profile/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.12.26* [Member Profile: Ken Abramson](/article/member-profile-ken-abramson/) It all began with my attending a B.C. Teachers’ Federation conference on computer technology in 1980. I had previously been attempting to learn about microcomputers by taking courses sponsored by the school board. As a teacher, I could see the potential of these machines, but I was left with a feeling of extreme skepticism. Firstly,[…](/article/member-profile-ken-abramson/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Member Profile](/article/member-profile-4/) My first computer was a ZX-81, purchased in early 1983 while I was working on a project in northern Saskatchewan. Due to the difficulty of obtaining software, and the unsatisfactory keyboard, I remained stuck on some very simple applications, using an old black-and-white television set. Later that year, I bought a Zenith green-screen monitor. Just[…](/article/member-profile-4/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Member Profile](/article/member-profile-3/) Anxious to find someone to repair her Timex Sinclair she inquired at the Commodore Users Group and was referred to R.L. Humphreys of V.S.U.G. She arrived at her first meeting computer in hand —-problem solved. She feels very humble listening to this august assembly of technicians and programmers. Nothing like learning from experts. As perhaps[…](/article/member-profile-3/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Member Profile](/article/member-profile-2/) I had always told myself I would never buy a computer. That is until I saw an ad for a certain item in a Popular Science magazine. Like everyone else, my first computer was a T/S 1000, but perhaps unlike everyone else, I bought mine when they first came out for $250 (including $100 16K[…](/article/member-profile-2/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Member Profile](/article/member-profile-5/) Having been brought up on the tail-end of an old education system, where electronic calculators and computers were forbidden and slide rulers were the norm, I was very apprehensive about purchasing an electronic calculator let alone purchase a computer. So, back in 1981, when an ad in an electronics magazine tried to convince me to[…](/article/member-profile-5/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Member Profile](/article/member-profile-6/) On a personal note, I’m married and live in Richmond, both quite happily now for many years. My other spare-time interests include photography, star-gazing, and travel, all of which go together quite well. From formal and other education, I hold the classification of Applied Science Technologist (Civil). Except for one 12-year stint with a major[…](/article/member-profile-6/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Member Profile](/article/member-profile-7/) It all began one cold and windy day in Saskatchewan. In fact it was so windy it was the reason for my first name. My childhood days were probably typical of a normal but ugly kid on the prairies. How ugly was I? I was so ugly my mom would have to tie a steak[…](/article/member-profile-7/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Member Profile](/article/member-profile/) The whole thing started at the Robson Square Media Centre Computer Fair in mid September 1983. For me the most interesting display was that of the TIMEX-SINCLAIR User’s Group. There was Ken Abramson’s ZX 81 exhibited in a plexiglass case – you could actually look inside and see the works! Also there were a disc[…](/article/member-profile/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [ZVoice Test Program](/article/zvoice-test-program-2/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [ZVOICE](/article/zvoice/) Like many of you, I have been fascinated by the idea of speech synthesis. I even bought a GI SP0256 chip only to have it sit on a shelf, silently gathering dust. After all you need a robot or I/O board to make it work, right? Meantime others were having fun and contributing to the[…](/article/zvoice/) *article, orig pub: 03.27.21, updated: 04.11.26* [ZVoice](/article/zvoice-2/) Reprint of ZVOICE. *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [ZXVoice](/article/zxvoice/) For starters, would you please dig out your October 1986 issue of ZX-Appeal and read Wilf Rigter’s article on pg 9 entitled “Z Voice” ? Thank you! Now I only have to talk about how to assemble the hardware. The schematic has been slightly expanded in detail over the one published in Oct ’86, but[…](/article/zxvoice/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.11.26* [Byte-Mapped Scroll](/article/byte-mapped-scroll/) Most printing to the screen involves just 22 lines and 32 columns. One line scrolling is quickly done with RANDOMIZE USR 2361. This program takes scrolling a bit further. It will scroll each scan-line row of any defined block of graphics or text on the screen. The block will wrap around or scroll off the[…](/article/byte-mapped-scroll/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.11.26* [A Practical Study of System Variables: Put Them to Use with BASIC.](/article/a-practical-study-of-system-variables-put-them-to-use-with-basic/) Appendix D of the user manual lists the memory addresses of RAM where most of the TS-2068 system variables are stored. The left column “notes” tells whether the variable number is larger or smaller than 255. The significance of this is that system variable numbers larger than 255 require two memory addresses for storage. If[…](/article/a-practical-study-of-system-variables-put-them-to-use-with-basic/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.10.26* [Another Look at 2068 Graphics: More or Less](/article/another-look-at-2068-graphics-more-or-less/) Listings #1 and #2 are shown to illustrate but one point. Both are graphically interesting, though this was not my full intention by including them. Often what is most important when one does mathematically generated graphics is speed. Many take the 2068 the better part of an hour to produce — a long time to[…](/article/another-look-at-2068-graphics-more-or-less/) *article, orig pub: 08.22.21, updated: 04.10.26* [Audioscan](/article/audioscan/) Visualize live audio signals in three graph styles using a tiny machine code sampler that reads the EAR port directly on every pixel column. *article, orig pub: 03.01.22, updated: 04.10.26* [Auto Fade for the TS-2068](/article/auto-fade-for-the-ts-2068/) The April 1986 issue of Your Sinclair had an article and a program listing for a feature which provides for a screen black-out if you don’t do anything for a while. It has an adjustable time-out interval of up to 20 minutes. I found that the program works equally well on the TS2068 and with[…](/article/auto-fade-for-the-ts-2068/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.10.26* [64 Column BASIC](/article/2068-64-column-basic/) The 64 column utilities in the 2068 technical manual do work, but they are not easy to use from Basic. There are far too many things to remember, and debugging your programs is a nightmare. This program allows the use of the Basic PRINT command without having to rewrite the ROM. It’s possible to intercept[…](/article/2068-64-column-basic/) *article, orig pub: 05.30.22, updated: 04.10.26* [50 Tips](/article/50-tips/) 50 Tips for Better Sinclair Computing This is all from a little booklet that I acquired for the SPECTRUM. There was no copyright notice on the booklet nor even a publisher’s byline. I thought that this was of sufficient interest to type it up for others to use. This also should work for the TS2068[…](/article/50-tips/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.10.26* [Basic Can Be Faster: A dozen easy ways!](/article/basic-can-be-faster-a-dozen-easy-ways/) Techniques for making BASIC faster. Last time we discussed four ways of speeding up BASIC. In this article we will discuss eight more ways! Why not write one Line, as foLlows; This will help speed up the program. REM statements are nice and make a program easy to follow. But REM statements do slow down[…](/article/basic-can-be-faster-a-dozen-easy-ways/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.10.26* [Bankswitched RAM on the TS2068 and Spectrum](/article/bankswitched-ram-on-the-ts2068-and-spectrum/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 04.10.26* [The 2068 Super System, Still a Big Future](/article/the-2068-super-system-still-a-big-future/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.10.26* [Tricks of the Trade](/article/tricks-of-the-trade-6/) Anyone who uses a wordprocessing program has done it. Greeting card programs even do it. But what if I want to do it in my own programs? If you are not lost yet, what I am speaking of is Left, Center and Right justification of text lines on a screen display or on hardcopy printout.[…](/article/tricks-of-the-trade-6/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.10.26* [Tricks Sinclair Never Gave Us](/article/tricks-sinclair-never-gave-us/) At the January meeting of CATUG, Bob Swoger said he would like to see a new article by me for our newsletter. Steve Cooper said, “Why don’t you write about some of the special things you can do with the keys.” I was puzzled about what Steve was referring to, then I remember something I[…](/article/tricks-sinclair-never-gave-us/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.10.26* [Logan's Run...](/article/logans-run/) Interview with Ian Logan, author of several Sinclair ROM disassembly books. *article, orig pub: 09.26.21, updated: 04.10.26* [Mike's Notebook: LARGE](/article/mikes-notebook-19/) Here’s another easy-to-use command utility which quickly PRINTs a string of text at any size and at any pixel coordinate location. You will be able to use this utility in your own programs. The syntax follows: PRINT USR large;AT X,Y;W,H;”txt” The text at the end of the line can either by within quotes oruse a[…](/article/mikes-notebook-19/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [Mike's Notebook: CMPRES](/article/mikes-notebook-18/) This months utility will COMPRESS a typical SCREEN$ file up to as much as 1/2 its usual size. In addition, a header is automatically included in the SAVED file which will resolve the compressed SCREEN$ back to its full size onto the screen by simply using RANDOMIZE USR (address). *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [Technical Report: ZX Spectrum Modifications to U.S.A. Standards](/article/technical-report-zx-spectrum-modifications-to-u-s-a-standards/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [Techniques for Calling USR Routines](/article/techniques-for-calling-usr-routines-2/) If you’ve examined some of your programs for any of the Sinclair computers containing machine code, you’ve probably seen machine code routines called in a variety of ways. The most common calls are: where “n” represents the address where the machine code is located. How do you know which way to call a USR routine?[…](/article/techniques-for-calling-usr-routines-2/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [Tape Records](/article/tape-records/) Here is all you wanted to know about saving to tape but didn’t know where to look. Except for minor differences like speed, much of it applies to the microdrive and some disc files. One important function is not immediately evident: the ability to SAVE code from one location, then LOAD it back to another.[…](/article/tape-records/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [T/S Helpline](/article/t-s-helpline-3/) Had a couple of to PEOPLE aSK how make 2068 programs that start as soon as they are loaded. The answer to that one is simple but bears repeating. Simply add this LINE to your program: 9999 SAVE *Program name” LINE 0 As simple as it may sound, some have had trouble BREAKing an autorun[…](/article/t-s-helpline-3/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [T/S 2068 Keyboard Scanning](/article/t-s-2068-keyboard-scanning/) Most programs require user interaction through the keyboard, and use the INPUT or INKEY$ functions to do this job. This article will discuss some alternative ways to input through the keyboard. Method #1 Hardware generated interrupts are used in the 2068 to update the TV frames counter and to scan the keyboard for pressed keys.[…](/article/t-s-2068-keyboard-scanning/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [T/S 2068 Color Monitor Difficulties](/article/t-s-2068-color-monitor-difficulties/) Some hams have difficulty using some color monitors with the T/S 2068. There are very good reasons for these difficulties. If the usual standards are not followed, less than perfect quality results. The trouble is deciding what are the usual standards when you are trying to build a computer which can be used any place[…](/article/t-s-2068-color-monitor-difficulties/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [T/S 2000 Tips](/article/t-s-2000-tips/) There have been a number of tips for the 2000 that have shown up at news letter meetings and in outside newsletters. The authors or sources of the tips are given credit where it is known. Tip 1: The Missing Legends If you look at the space above the number keys, you may notice that[…](/article/t-s-2000-tips/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.07.26* [System Variables](/article/system-variables/) Here is a program which you can eerge with one you have written and which will print out a list of goodies such as how many bytes of BASIC, machine code and free space you have, where the character set you are using is located, et cetera. This program is for the TS 2068 and[…](/article/system-variables/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.06.26* [PEEK: A Member](/article/peek-a-member/) Our PEEK*a Member subject for this month took us to the home of Wes Brzozowski, an electrical engineer by occupation who had long been interested in computers, particularly ones using the Z80 microprocessor chip. Having even toyed with the idea of building his own computer using the Z80, Wes jumped at the chance to buy[…](/article/peek-a-member/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.06.26* [Style and Speed in BASIC](/article/style-and-speed-in-basic/) When you write a BASIC program, the order in which you carry out your tasks affects the speed of your program. This routine lets you see simple examples that show how the same task can take 42 seconds at the front of a program , but 78 at the end. When you’ve seen these results,[…](/article/style-and-speed-in-basic/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.05.26* [STRING$](/article/string/) STRING$ is a BASIC command used by some BASIC languages and is not the same as STR$. Knowing its meaning is necessary for SINCLAIR BASIC replacement. STRING$ is used to create strings made up of the same character in graphics, as for borders. You define the character and the desired number of repeats. SINCLAIR BASIC[…](/article/string/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.05.26* [String INPUT Hints](/article/string-input-hints/) There another use of the keyword "LINE" beside starting a program at that line when saving a program. If the word "LINE" is used with a string "INPUT", the input prompt is given without the usual quotation marks. *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 04.05.26* [Extra Memory Programming](/article/extra-memory-programming/) Most of us can visualize the computer's "regular" memory. We know that the ROM part of memory has "fixed" machine programming put there by Timex when they built the computer, and that there Is a section called RAM that we store our own programs in. *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 04.05.26* [3x3 Character](/article/3x3-character/) This program will allow you to create 3×3 graphics fairly easily. The working space is on the left side of the screen. On the right side you can see the character (3×3) you defined or are defining. To create a character move with the arrow keys, 1 to fill a dot, and 0 to clear[…](/article/3x3-character/) *article, orig pub: 01.25.26, updated: 03.29.26* [The Anatomy of a Program Line](/article/the-anatomy-of-a-program-line/) Program listings on the ZX/TS computers are available on command. With either LIST or LLIST, the program in the machine is displayed for you to study or change. But not everything in the program file is displayed! Three elements are censored from the Listings you see. But ignorance is bliss, you may say. To an[…](/article/the-anatomy-of-a-program-line/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 03.25.26* [More Timex Sinclair](/article/more-timex-sinclair-3/) Twas the Night before Christmas, when all through the house, not a Sinclair was blinking, not even a “mouse.” The stockings were hung by the PC with care, in hopes of an upgrade-some hard or software. The children were nestled all snug in their beds, while visions of QLs danced in their heads. And mamma[…](/article/more-timex-sinclair-3/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Timex Tidbits](/article/timex-tidbits-4/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 03.22.26* [New Timex/Sinclair BBS Notices](/article/new-timex-sinclair-bbs-notices/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 03.22.26* [DEFine TEMPorary](/article/define-temporary/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Chicago Area Timex Users Group (August 1, 1987)](/article/chicago-area-timex-users-group-august-1-1987/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Telecommunications Corner](/article/telecommunications-corner-3/) *article, orig pub: 10.07.22, updated: 03.22.26* [What is ZX26?](/article/what-is-zx26/) In 1991, Andre Baune of Quebec, Canada, published a newsletter called “ZX-91: 10 Years Later.” It was a newsletter for the ZX81, created solely on the ZX81, with 16k and a TS 2040 printer. Andre used Word Sinc Il as the wordprocessor and it was able to do lower case letters on the TS 2040[…](/article/what-is-zx26/) *article, orig pub: 01.12.26, updated: 03.22.26* [Another Look at Zeditor](/article/another-look-at-zeditor/) Although ZX-91 used Word Sinc II, the program has issues on emulators. I needed a word processor that could same files on modern systems. I realised that I have reviewed such a word processor in issue 7, called Zeditor. Looking at my original article, I did not test out Zeditor very well, especially doing more[…](/article/another-look-at-zeditor/) *article, orig pub: 01.12.26, updated: 03.22.26* [Sinclair Survival Column](/article/timex-sinclair-survival-column-2/) Well, here we go again. This is our fourth annual year end wrap up. Although there is no major company support for the Sinclair Computers, they are still viable computers with their own network of small companies and individual developers who still are coming up with new products for our favorite computers. Not least of[…](/article/timex-sinclair-survival-column-2/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Timex-Sinclair Survival Column](/article/timex-sinclair-survival-column-5/) As readers of this column are aware, Computer Shopper has long been one of the biggest supporters of the Sinclair computer community. This section in the magazine is just one of the ways in which we have assisted, now there is another. Delphi is an on-line service available to the computing public by modem and,[…](/article/timex-sinclair-survival-column-5/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Sinclair Survival Column](/article/sinclair-survival-column-6/) This month we will look at a series of programs for the T/S 2068 and Spectrum computers published by Novelsoft of Toronto, Canada. They were mentioned a few months ago in our report on the Sinclair Fest in Indianapolis, and this time we will take a look at the programs themselves. In order of their[…](/article/sinclair-survival-column-6/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [New Lamps for Old!](/article/new-lamps-for-old/) After a few modifications, you can run most ZX81 BASIC programs on our IBM PC or clone. This article will discuss one setup of hardware, software, and “sweatware,” which will do the job. To begin with, of course, your program must be written only in BASIC. Machine code subroutines, e.g., those buried in REMs, will[…](/article/new-lamps-for-old/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Sinclair Survival Column](/article/sinclair-survival-column-5/) Last month we had a look at a few programs from Novelsoft of Toronto, Canada. As promised, this month we examine their remaining offerings for the T/S 2068 (and Spectrum) computer. One program which I have heard quite a bit about from many of you readers is Timachine, a BASIC compiler for the T/S 2068[…](/article/sinclair-survival-column-5/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Sinclair Survival Column](/article/sinclair-survival-column-3/) Hard to believe, but this month marks the beginning of our fourth year together here in Computer Shopper. Back in June 1984 when we were just getting used to the fact that Timex had withdrawn from the home computer retail market, this column first appeared on these pages. A lot has happened to this line[…](/article/sinclair-survival-column-3/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Sinclair Survival Column](/article/sinclair-survival-column-4/) As we end our third year of this column, we go back to our roots and have a look at some news concerning the ZX-81 (T/S 1000) computer, the place where many of us started. While most of the market is concerning itself with either the T/S 2068 or the QL, there still is one[…](/article/sinclair-survival-column-4/) *article, orig pub: 02.08.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Editor's Notes](/article/editors-notes-6/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 03.22.26* [In Defense of Public Domain Software](/article/in-defense-of-public-domain-software-3/) *article, orig pub: 09.13.22, updated: 03.22.26* [Give a Voice to Your QL](/article/give-a-voice-to-your-ql/) Hardware project for adding speech synthesis to the Sinclair QL by connecting a B.G. Micro text-to-speech board via the RS-232 serial interface. Covers wiring and configuration to enable spoken output from QL programs. *article, orig pub: 03.13.26, updated: 03.22.26* [Forth](/article/forth/) Do any of the following software “dilemmas” seem familiar? Jerry wants to write games programs which perform faster than his Basic versions, but he cannot quite get the hang of calling and using extensive machine code subroutines. He has heard, however, that he can get a tape-loading compiler-based high-level programming language which runs extremely rapidly…[…](/article/forth/) *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 03.22.26* [Building a 2068 Database, Part 1](/article/building-a-2068-database/) The concept of a Completely Interactive Database System (CIDS) that has been implemented on a micro-computer is interesting in that this type of environment Is normally only found on mainframe computers. What I hope to do is cover the various aspects of implementing just such a system in the next few issues. *article, orig pub: 10.27.20, updated: 03.17.26* [Amateur Programmers' Line: The Future of BASIC](/article/amateur-programmers-line-the-future-of-basic/) Extended opinion column arguing that BASIC remains viable for amateur programmers across all platforms, including the Sinclair range. Harmer discusses migration paths to Pascal (HiSoft Pascal on TS2068, Partial Pascal for ZX-81/TS1000, Turbo Pascal for IBM) and the importance of distributing BASIC source code for educational purposes rather than compiling and distributing binaries only. Reviews[…](/article/amateur-programmers-line-the-future-of-basic/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Bugs, Fixes, and Compatibility Notes](/article/bugs-fixes-and-compatibility-notes/) Discussion of technical compatibility questions from around the community: interfacing a Commodore 64 disk drive to the TS2068 (reportedly attempted by an Ohio group per SLIX); TurboPascal 4.0-5.5 CASE/LONGINT compiler bug and fix (use IF..THEN..ELSE instead); MS-DOS version 3.x compatibility issues for compiled programs; searching for a public domain program to read CP/M disks from[…](/article/bugs-fixes-and-compatibility-notes/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Supplier File](/article/supplier-file-2/) Curated list of active Timex/Sinclair hardware and software suppliers: TK Computerware (QL software, North Stanford Kent UK); Lloyd Dreger (3 machine code books for TS2068, Butler WI); Pyramid Electronics (TS1000 and TS2068 software, Sarasota FL); Bottle Cap Software (OS-64 programs for TS1000/TS2068 including Checkbook Balancer and Credit Card Payer at $6 each, Cincinnati OH); AT[…](/article/supplier-file-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Mailing List Changes](/article/mailing-list-changes-2/) Reports new contacts for Sinclair SIGs discovered via SLIX: G. Granger in New Carlisle, Ohio, and Pittsburgh Area Computer Club Sinclair SIG (R. Vasko, Donora PA). Notes these are informal leads rather than official SIG representatives. Also reports that the Boston TSUG separation from Boston Computer Society is confirmed but no new mailing address yet[…](/article/mailing-list-changes-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Magazine News](/article/magazine-news-2/) Updates on Timex/Sinclair periodicals: SyncWare News/Quantuum Levels selling back issues at $3 each before closing (lost ~$5,000); Time Designs Vol.5 No.2 now available; Update Disk System Magazine subscription details ($18/yr for TS2068, QL, and Z-88 content); and Byte Power cassette magazine pricing (demo $3, 6 issues $32, also offering TS1000 programs, fast-load utility for TS2068,[…](/article/magazine-news-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TS Bulletin News Supplement #2-1990: Hardware and Software News](/article/ts-bulletin-news-supplement-2-1990-hardware-and-software-news/) News roundup covering TS2068 hardware and software developments: Pixel Print Plus v4 completed by Steven Spalding (after Stan Lemke exited the market) with greeting card design replacing TS2040 printer support; Larry Kenny’s forthcoming TS2068 desktop publisher with spellchecker; the Oliger double-density disk system (WD1770 controller, Spectrum ROM 48K compatible, board available bare/unpopulated); and the Sineus[…](/article/ts-bulletin-news-supplement-2-1990-hardware-and-software-news/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Short Items: Products, Fixes, and Notes](/article/short-items-products-fixes-and-notes/) A collection of brief items: Maxcom BBS system for TS2068/LKDOS disk users praised by Ralph Hammer in the Las Vegas TSUG newsletter (available through RMG Enterprises); Cambridge North America filing Chapter 11 bankruptcy with Sharp continuing as sole Z-88 importer (reported by Nazir A. Pashtoon/SMUG); VideoCopy/VideoTex software by John McMichael connecting the TS2068 video digitizer[…](/article/short-items-products-fixes-and-notes/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [American Micro Systems QL and Z-88 Product Catalogue](/article/american-micro-systems-ql-and-z-88-product-catalogue/) Reprints the product catalog from American Micro Systems, San Jose CA (listed in TimeLinez), covering QL hardware and software: ROM upgrades, Trump Card disk interface ($312), IBM emulator ($172), modem adapter ($69), Front Page desktop publisher ($34), CP/M emulator ($69), Forth ($57), Fortran 77 ($144), Pascal ($57), C ($69), Superbasic-to-C converter ($80), spellchecker ($65), accelerator[…](/article/american-micro-systems-ql-and-z-88-product-catalogue/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [LKDOS Cartridge for Aerco TS2068 Disk System](/article/lkdos-cartridge-for-aerco-ts2068-disk-system/) Describes the LKDOS cartridge interface for the Aerco TS2068 disk system, which when paired with an FD-54 drive provides Larken DOS and Extended BASIC commands including MERGE, a 48K RAM disk, and the ability to switch between Aerco and LKDOS operating systems while retaining access to RP/M. Notes compatibility with the Oliger and Ramex systems[…](/article/lkdos-cartridge-for-aerco-ts2068-disk-system/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Assembly Language and Hardware Notes](/article/assembly-language-and-hardware-notes/) Commentary on machine code and assembly language articles in Vancouver TSUG newsletter: V. Lee’s ongoing TS2068 assembly language series, and Wilf Rigter’s techniques for speeding up the ZX-81/TS1000 by modifying display routines—achieving greater gains than the roughly 15% boost from a 4MHz clock speed increase. Also discusses hardware modification trends across newsletters (shift toward QL[…](/article/assembly-language-and-hardware-notes/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Published Program Survey of Newsletters](/article/published-program-survey-of-newsletters/) A digest of notable programs published in other Timex/Sinclair user group newsletters: Vancouver TSUG December 1989 (Dominoes for ZX-81, BASIC line trace, Vector Screen Calculator), Sineus November-December 1989 (octal/decimal converter in machine code), Boston Computer Society September-October 1989 (TS2068 machine code screen utilities including screen-flip, scroll, and attribute-invert routines), Harrisburg TSUG September 1989 (USA Medicare[…](/article/published-program-survey-of-newsletters/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [ZX-81/TS1000 Tips](/article/zx-81-ts1000-tips-2/) Two brief programming tips for ZX-81/TS1000 BASIC users: using a compact mathematical expression in place of PAUSE 200 to save memory bytes; and redimensioning arrays to their minimum size (e.g., DIM A$(0,0)) before saving a program to tape to reduce file size and save/load time, then restoring proper dimensions at line 0 so that GOTO[…](/article/zx-81-ts1000-tips-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [News from SNUG](/article/news-from-snug-2/) Brief report on SNUG (Sinclair National User Group) noting that its newsletter has been delayed due to the illness of a member’s wife and other personal circumstances, with all memberships extended six months into 1990. Reports that SNUG is building a large public domain program library for the QL, TS2068, and TS1000, and encourages program[…](/article/news-from-snug-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Mailing List Updates](/article/mailing-list-updates-2/) Reports on changes to the TS Bulletin mailing list: Harrisburg Area TSUG (HATS) dissolved after its December 1989 final issue, with former members now served by the Washington DC group (CATS). Announces the Quantum Leap User Group in Amarillo TX and notes that Dallas/Fort Worth TS users remain active but are not currently issuing a[…](/article/mailing-list-updates-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TS Bulletin News Supplement #1-1990](/article/ts-bulletin-news-supplement-1-1990/) Wide-ranging editorial covering Sinclair community news for early 1990: rumors of Apple Mac and NeXT emulators for the QL, a new MS-DOS Cambridge laptop with 3.5-inch drives, the tenth anniversary of the Sinclair ZX-80, the launch of the Ottawa-Hull TSUG BBS (613-745-5534), and Harmer’s forthcoming books on ZX-81 assembly language, Tips/Tricks/Techniques, and the LDOS disk[…](/article/ts-bulletin-news-supplement-1-1990/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Newsletters and Clubs](/article/newsletters-and-clubs-2/) Comprehensive update on the Timex/Sinclair user group and newsletter landscape: Vancouver TSUG seeking material and a new editor; Larken Electronics calling for orders to determine whether to manufacture another run of at least 35 LKDOS controller boards; Real Gagnon’s French QL newsletter QLJDOC suspended due to employer bankruptcy; SINCUS (Johnson City NY) discontinuing its newsletter;[…](/article/newsletters-and-clubs-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Useful Sinclair Programmer Notes: Telephone Number Compression Program](/article/useful-sinclair-programmer-notes-telephone-number-compression-program/) Continuation of the Amateur Programmers’ Line column exploring a technique for packing 7-digit telephone numbers into 3 bytes of ZX-81/TS1000 RAM. Discusses the encoding strategy, edge cases (leading zeros, digit groups exceeding 255, null/empty numbers requiring reserved codes), and variable-length field design for memory-constrained database applications on orphan computers. Includes a short BASIC type-in program[…](/article/useful-sinclair-programmer-notes-telephone-number-compression-program/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [News of a Local Nature and Larken Electronics Update](/article/news-of-a-local-nature-and-larken-electronics-update/) Reports on a September 1990 Ottawa-Hull TSUG meeting (5 members), noting continued use of Timex/Sinclair computers alongside IBM compatibles, and active BBS usage (613-745-5538, 300/1200 baud) including out-of-town callers. Dave Solly is club librarian and is active in TS2068 Pascal and IBM PC Turbo Pascal programming; a public domain Pascal compiler for TS2068 is on[…](/article/news-of-a-local-nature-and-larken-electronics-update/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Amateur Programmers' Line: Amateur Programming as a Niche](/article/amateur-programmers-line-amateur-programming-as-a-niche/) Essay examining whether amateur computer programming has become a niche hobby, comparing it to the historical arc of amateur radio building—mass-market in the 1920s, niche by the 1950s. Harmer surveys the ecosystem supporting amateur programmers: schools and universities (citing the origins of Pascal, FORTRAN, COBOL, UCSD Pascal p-code system, and Japanese LHARC compression utility in[…](/article/amateur-programmers-line-amateur-programming-as-a-niche/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Mark Yost TS1000/TS2068 Software Tape Stock](/article/mark-yost-ts1000-ts2068-software-tape-stock/) Brief notice that Mark Yost of Canton CT may be acquiring a stock of TS1000/TS2068 software tapes from a closed retail store, including M-SCRIPT, Vu-Cal, Vu-File, Timemachine BASIC compiler, Vu-3D, Aerco Print Master, Chess, 32/64 columns, and M-Term, at approximately $5.50 each. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TS Bulletin News Supplement #3-1990](/article/ts-bulletin-news-supplement-3-1990/) News roundup covering several topics: Harmer’s experiments with an MS-DOS word processor and dot-matrix printer for producing TS Bulletin; his work on a short machine code text compression algorithm for orphan computers (ZX-81/TS1000, TS2068, C64) that achieves ~52% compression using an approach short enough to fit in ~400 bytes, unlike standard Huffman/LZ algorithms that require[…](/article/ts-bulletin-news-supplement-3-1990/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [From the Editor](/article/from-the-editor-77/) Editor Alan Moore discusses the newsletter’s new look following his purchase of a C.ITOH Prowriter dot-matrix printer and a Tasman parallel interface. He appeals to members to submit articles and programs rather than waiting for meetings, noting the challenge of filling each issue and praising consistent contributors. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Faster Cassette Saving for the ZX](/article/faster-cassette-saving-for-the-zx/) Technical article presenting Z80 machine code routines that double the ZX81/TS1000’s tape save/load speed from 300 to approximately 600 baud. Includes BASIC poke-loader listings for embedding the routines in a REM statement, plus instructions for relocating the code above RAMTOP and saving arbitrary memory blocks rather than entire programs. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Four Way Scroll](/article/four-way-scroll/) Relocatable machine code type-in program for the ZX81/TS1000 that allows scrolling the screen contents in any of four directions without wraparound. Before running, the user must lower RAMTOP to 38000 via three POKE commands; scroll directions (down, left, right) are accessed via RAND USR calls to addresses 30000, 30019, and 30039. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Fade Away](/article/fade-away/) Machine code screen-saver type-in program originally published in the April issue of Your Sinclair. After a user-set delay of 1 second to 20 minutes the display blacks out to prevent TV screen burn-in; pressing any key restores the image. Includes machine code DATA statements and instructions for setting delay time. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [ZX-TERM*80 Review](/article/zx-term80-review/) Ed Grey reviews Silicon Mountain Computers’ ZX-TER*80, a full-featured terminal and file-transfer program for the ZX81, TS1000, and TS1500 by Fred Nachbaur. Highlights include selectable 40/60/80-column display, three adjustable windows, upper/lowercase keyboard redefinition, X-MODEM protocol, support for both the Westridge 2050 and Byte-Back modems, and extensive documentation. Requires a non-volatile memory board (SCRAM card) and[…](/article/zx-term80-review/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Analog-to-Digital Sampling Routine for the TS1000](/article/analog-to-digital-sampling-routine-for-the-ts1000/) An 8-byte Z80 machine code routine stored in a REM line for use with the ZEBRA Analog-to-Digital converter, suitable for low-speed sampling (once every several seconds). The disassembled code reads a specified port, delays for A-to-D conversion, and returns the result in the accumulator. A sample 10-reading BASIC wrapper is included. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TS1000/TS1500 Memory Status Utility](/article/ts1000-ts1500-memory-status-utility/) Short BASIC subroutine (GOSUB 9200) that reports five memory figures at a glance: total RAM size, program size, display file size, variables memory used, and spare memory remaining. Accessed by appending lines 9200–9240 to any program. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TS1000/TS1500 Vendor and Supplier Directory](/article/ts1000-ts1500-vendor-and-supplier-directory/) Curated list of recommended TS/Sinclair suppliers with full mailing addresses: ZEBRA SYSTEMS INC. (NY), RMG Enterprises (OR), Thomas B. Woods (NH), The John Oliger Co. (IN), Weymil Corp. (WA), AERCO (TX), Fred Nachbaur / Silicon Mountain Computers (BC, Canada), and Byte-Back (SC). Readers are urged to send for catalogs. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [REM Generator](/article/rem-generator/) Machine code utility that generates a REM statement of any length at any line number, allowing arbitrary amounts of machine code to be stored in a BASIC program’s REM line without tediously typing out each character. The routine is stored in a 63-byte REM line; after POKEing 63 values, a BASIC loader replaces itself with[…](/article/rem-generator/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Helpful Hints for the TS1000](/article/helpful-hints-for-the-ts1000/) A collection of practical tips for TS1000 users: Hint #2 recommends HOT-Z as an assembler/disassembler/debugger for machine code work; Hint #3 recommends PRO/FILE for database needs (available from Tom Woods); Hint #4 advises drilling ventilation holes in the case to address voltage regulator overheating. Also notes keyboard label sheets from RMG Enterprises and the new[…](/article/helpful-hints-for-the-ts1000/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Editor's Notes — September 1987](/article/editors-notes-september-1987/) Frank Holland announces that this issue is devoted entirely to the ZX81/TS1000 for the benefit of new members. Provides BBS access instructions for the Mile Hi TSUG sub-board on The King’s Market BBS (1-303-665-6091, accessible via PC-PURSUIT). Notes a growing collection of TS club newsletters covering homebrew hardware and modifications. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Building an RS-232 Port into the 2050 Modem](/article/building-an-rs-232-port-into-the-2050-modem-2/) Step-by-step guide to adding a Zebra Systems RS-232 circuit board inside the TS2050 modem case, selectable via a 3PDT mini-switch mounted in the back panel. Rather than housing the circuit in a separate external box, Latker drills into the modem case, cuts PCB traces, adds jumper wires to pins 3, 17, and 22 of the[…](/article/building-an-rs-232-port-into-the-2050-modem-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Ottawa Timex-Sinclair Users Group Library](/article/ottawa-timex-sinclair-users-group-library/) Standing column dated February 27, 1986, cataloging programs held in the OHTSUG tape library. Sections cover TS1000/ZX81 programs (40 entries with cassette numbers), TS2000/Spectrum programs (2 entries), and TS2068 programs (19 entries including biorhythm, blackjack, astronomy, and cryptography programs). Includes a note about a Vu-File data tape for 2068 owners. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [ZX81/TS1000 8K ROM Upgrade](/article/zx81-ts1000-8k-rom-upgrade-2/) Glenn Read reviews Thomas J. Bent’s 8K ROM upgrade for the ZX81 operating system, which comes with a new 8K ROM chip and thorough documentation. New features include faster power-up initialization, automatic FAST mode for command-line entries, faster scrolling and CLS, improved tape error recovery, support for larger arrays, and tidied character set glyphs. Known[…](/article/zx81-ts1000-8k-rom-upgrade-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Wireless Program Transfer via FM Radio](/article/wireless-program-transfer-via-fm-radio/) Brief tip from ZX-APPEAL (Vancouver BC) reporting John Brohman’s experiment running the TAPE-OUT from one TS computer through a small FM transmitter and then into a second computer’s TAPE-IN via an FM receiver earphone jack. The wireless link worked reliably, and the author suggests it as a method for distributing programs at club meetings. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [T/S 1000 Hardware News: SCRAM Board and SRAM Hi-Rez Extended BASIC](/article/t-s-1000-hardware-news-scram-board-and-sram-hi-rez-extended-basic/) Brief news items about two upcoming TS1000 products from Silicon Mountain Computers: a SCRAM (static CMOS RAM) non-volatile memory board similar to the old Hunter Board, and SRAM Hi-Rez Extended BASIC adding 38 new commands plus hi-rez BASIC and 64-column support. Refers readers to the May 1987 issue of Computer Shopper for details. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [ZTERM-64 Modem Software Review](/article/zterm-64-modem-software-review/) Detailed review of ZEBRA SYSTEMS’ ZTERM-64 terminal program for the TS2068, used with their OS-64 column module ($29.95 each). The review covers the 16-line display limitation, phone number and macro storage, X-MODEM send/receive capability, buffer management, support for AEI/A&J microdrives, and a mystery ‘USER DEFINED DEVICE’ feature that proves to be undocumented. Concludes it is[…](/article/zterm-64-modem-software-review/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Editor's Notes — May 1987](/article/editors-notes-may-1987/) Frank Holland reports on new newsletter exchanges with the Ohio Timex group (Al Gedris / RAMTOP) and the Chicago Area Timex User Group (NITE-TIME NEWS). Notes the meeting time has moved to the 4th Thursday. Also relays that a bug fix is needed for the TiMachine BASIC compiler, with patch data included for 2068 users. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Review: C.ITOH Prowriter Printer and Tasman Centronics Interface](/article/review-c-itoh-prowriter-printer-and-tasman-centronics-interface/) Editor Alan Moore reviews the C.ITOH Prowriter dot-matrix printer and the Tasman Centronics parallel interface. Both units are praised for clear documentation; the Prowriter’s multiple print modes and improved output quality are credited with the newsletter’s new look. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [News: Super Spectrum Announced](/article/news-super-spectrum-announced/) Brief news item reporting that the new owners of Sinclair are proceeding with a ‘Super Spectrum’ computer developed before the takeover. The machine is described as backward-compatible with all Spectrum software, using a Z-80H processor running at twice the clock speed of the Z-80A, with 128K RAM and a built-in cassette deck, initially priced at[…](/article/news-super-spectrum-announced/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Programming Tips and Topics](/article/programming-tips-and-topics/) Bill Harmer argues that the ZX81/TS1000 can match much more expensive computers through smart programming. Practical tips cover maximizing memory via FAST/SLOW mode optimization, the difference between usable and nominal memory compared to other platforms, using sequential program modules, and two BASIC programming pitfalls: GOSUB nesting and PRINT AT screen-blanking. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Editor's Notes — June 1987](/article/editors-notes-june-1987/) Frank Holland notes that this shorter-than-usual issue is the result of spending time copying 23 cassettes (mostly C-60s) received in a large exchange with the Cleveland group, which included 2068 programs in games, graphics, sound, math, and utilities. Also mentions an unsuccessful newsletter exchange attempt with FOOTE SOFTWARE (Joe Williamson / SUM newsletter) and references[…](/article/editors-notes-june-1987/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [ZX81/TS1000 8K ROM Upgrade](/article/zx81-ts1000-8k-rom-upgrade/) Glenn Read reviews Thomas J. Bent’s 8K ROM upgrade for the ZX81 operating system, covering improvements in initialization speed, automatic FAST mode for command entry, faster scrolling, improved tape error recovery, large-array support, and character set corrections. Known bugs in LPRINT and DIVIDE are fixed. (Same article reprinted from May 1987 issue.) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SCLD Character Select Switch Schematic](/article/scld-character-select-switch-schematic/) Technical schematic (DRW No. SRC 0549) showing the wiring for a character select switch for the Sinclair ZX81 SCLD chip, allowing selection between character sets. The diagram includes pin assignments for the US connector and the SCLD chip, with an alternative IC noted. The listing was created 9/17/87. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Editor's Notes — October 1987](/article/editors-notes-october-1987/) Frank Holland reminds members of the BBS sub-board on The King’s Market BBS. Notes that member Roger Hunter has been documenting his QL-to-IBM/XT case conversion project on the BBS and has now prepared a complete write-up for this newsletter. Also notes that Fred Nachbaur (TS-1000 guru of Silicon Mountain Computers) lives in Nelson, BC —[…](/article/editors-notes-october-1987/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Sinclair QL to IBM PC/XT Case Conversion](/article/sinclair-ql-to-ibm-pc-xt-case-conversion/) Comprehensive step-by-step guide to housing the Sinclair QL motherboard and microdrives inside an IBM PC/XT case. Covers removing and separating the QL top cover and case, installing a PC power supply, custom-wiring a mechanical-key keyboard (with new J11/J12 plugs), making ribbon-cable keyboard and expansion extensions, mounting the microdrives in their cut-apart case section, and troubleshooting.[…](/article/sinclair-ql-to-ibm-pc-xt-case-conversion/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [WetWare Divisions T/S SIG Telecommunications Server Starter's Manual/Guide](/article/wetware-divisions-t-s-sig-telecommunications-server-starters-manual-guide/) A comprehensive guide to accessing the WetWare Divisions UNIX-based BBS, which hosts a dedicated Timex/Sinclair special interest group. Covers login procedures, terminal emulation settings (VT-52, ANSI, DUMB) for various T/S models, conference navigation commands, essential UNIX commands, and XMODEM file transfer procedures for the TS2068 and TS1500 modems. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Disk Systems for Timex/Sinclair Computers](/article/disk-systems-for-timex-sinclair-computers/) Surveys disk drive systems available for various Timex/Sinclair computers, discussing LarKen, JLO, AERCO, and Spectrum-compatible disk options along with cross-platform compatibility considerations. Also mentions disk interfaces for the QL and Cambridge Z88. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SincLink Newsletter 8901 / SLIX Contacts December 1988](/article/sinclink-newsletter-8901-slix-contacts-december-1988/) Monthly SincLink newsletter and contact log for January 1989 covering 51 entries of December 1988 activity. Documents user group meetings, reader correspondence on shareware disk format standardization, newsletter exchanges with numerous clubs, BBS system updates, news about the upcoming CapitalFest 1989 in Baltimore, and a Z88 BBS announcement. A detailed record of Bay Area T/S[…](/article/sinclink-newsletter-8901-slix-contacts-december-1988/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [QL Serial to Parallel Converter](/article/ql-serial-to-parallel-converter/) Full circuit documentation for converting the Sinclair QL’s 9600-baud serial RS232 output to Centronics parallel format, enabling use of standard parallel printers. Explains operation of the 74HC02 NOR gate, TL0556 timer, and 74HC164 serial-to-parallel shift register with detailed adjustment instructions for clock frequency (9600 Hz) and frame byte timing. Circuit schematic appears on the cover[…](/article/ql-serial-to-parallel-converter/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [QL Logo Implementation in SuperBASIC](/article/ql-logo-implementation-in-superbasic/) Implements a subset of Logo turtle graphics commands as SuperBASIC procedures for the Sinclair QL, including FD/BK (movement), RT/LT (turning), PU/PD (pen control), CIRCLEL/CIRCLER, SETPOS, DOT, SETX, SETY, SETH (heading), SETPC/SETBG (colors), CS (clear screen), and HOME. All loop and logical control uses SuperBASIC commands; the Logo procedures start at line 9000 so user programs[…](/article/ql-logo-implementation-in-superbasic/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Core War for QL](/article/core-war-for-ql/) Documentation and SuperBASIC listing for a Core War game implementation on the Sinclair QL, in which competing programs battle for control of memory. This was a popular programming challenge of the era, originally described in Scientific American. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SincLink Tables of Contents 1988](/article/sinclink-tables-of-contents-1988/) Complete index of all SincLink newsletter issues published during 1988, listing file names, byte sizes, and article titles for each issue from 8801-2 through 8812. Provides a comprehensive reference for locating specific articles across the full year of SincLink archives, useful for members with access to the disk-based newsletter. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [S.N.U.G. Election News](/article/s-n-u-g-election-news/) Reports complete results of the first Sinclair Northamerica Users Group charter-year officer elections, supervised by a Pasco County deputy election official (Mrs. Julia Bailey). Lists all candidates and vote counts/percentages for five offices: President (Mel Nathanson, 40 votes), First VP, Second VP, Secretary, and Treasurer. Also describes the group’s public domain software library plans and[…](/article/s-n-u-g-election-news/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Back-Up Copying Protected Programs](/article/back-up-copying-protected-programs/) Explains techniques for stopping and backing up self-running TS1000 programs, including using the BREAK key, the STOP command for numeric input screens (SHIFT-A), and string input screens (delete quote, type STOP). For machine language programs, uses RAND USR 0 sequence to interrupt, then LIST and SAVE with GOTO line. Introduces a companion reprinted article on[…](/article/back-up-copying-protected-programs/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SAVE the UnSAVEable / LOAD the UnLOADable](/article/save-the-unsaveable-load-the-unloadable/) Presents two versions of a modified LOAD command for the ZX81/TS1000 that copies ROM routines into RAM and adjusts addresses to run there. Version 1 (SAVE the UnSAVEable) enables backup copies of self-running programs by scanning for ‘S’ keypress then jumping to the SAVE routine. Version 2 (LOAD the UnLOADable) recovers programs from tapes with[…](/article/save-the-unsaveable-load-the-unloadable/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TS1000 Tape Unlocker](/article/ts1000-tape-unlocker-2/) Short BASIC program using nine POKEs (values 62,0,56,0,64,1,55,0,201 into locations 16514-16522) that permits making backup tapes of programs with non-standard beginnings or endings. After entry, add lines 60-110 to complete the program, which patches the LOAD command routine. Public Domain Library of Tim Ward. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [T/S 2068 Color Monitor Difficulties](/article/t-s-2068-color-monitor-difficulties-2/) Technical analysis of why some color monitors perform poorly with the T/S 2068 video output. Compares the 2068’s color vector phase angles to NTSC standards (e.g., Blue at 350° vs. 358°, Red at 116° vs. 112°) and identifies three engineering issues: color burst not synchronous with the waveform (3.579545 MHz vs. 14.112 MHz crystals), shortened[…](/article/t-s-2068-color-monitor-difficulties-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Larken Program Tips](/article/larken-program-tips/) Two practical tips for Larken disk users: (1) Speed improvement for COPY A DISK by changing all FALSE values in BASIC lines 5190 through 5200 to TRUE, cutting copy time approximately in half per a conversation with Larry Kenny; (2) General note that this change does not produce code as fast as machine code but[…](/article/larken-program-tips/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SincLink Newsletter 8902 / SLIX Contacts January 1989](/article/sinclink-newsletter-8902-slix-contacts-january-1989/) Monthly SincLink contact log for February 1989 covering January 1989 activity (46 entries). Documents successful progress reading LarKen and JLO disk formats on the QL via direct sector read. Reports GUTS/SV meeting proceedings, reader correspondence on disk format standardization, newsletter exchanges with HATS, SMUG Bytes, KATS KNEWS, ZX-Appeal, Pixel Print Press, and other clubs. Includes[…](/article/sinclink-newsletter-8902-slix-contacts-january-1989/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [View from the Ramtop](/article/view-from-the-ramtop-3/) Managing editor’s column discussing the distraction of spring cycling in the California hills, explaining recent newsletter production delays. Notes an ascent to Lick Observatory and upcoming cycling goals, and announces that the next two TimeLinez issues will be bi-monthly to maintain the annual subscription balance. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SincLink Newsletter 8905 / SLIX Contacts April 1989](/article/sinclink-newsletter-8905-slix-contacts-april-1989/) Monthly SincLink contact log for May 1989 covering April 1989 activity (approximately 37 entries). Includes the SincLink file directory listing for the Sn895 archive, summaries of disk format compatibility work, newsletter exchange updates, and user group meeting notes. File directory shows 193,386 bytes total for the Sn895 archive. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SLIX Indexing Proposal](/article/slix-indexing-proposal/) Proposes a system for indexing and full-text searching the SLIX (SincLink Information Exchange) permanent disk database. Describes the algorithm: chronological sort of directories and files into LIFO order, keyword extraction from capitalized words, sorting keywords (approximately 1 hour for a 55K file using Shell sort in SuperBASIC), deduplication, and interactive keyword search with cursor positioning.[…](/article/slix-indexing-proposal/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Sinclair User Group List](/article/sinclair-user-group-list/) Partial international listing of Sinclair and Timex/Sinclair user groups with contact information. Omits groups from Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Portugal, Singapore, and Spain due to space constraints. Primarily covers US groups with some international entries. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [The TIMEXsinclair 2068: Bank Switching and Memory Expansion](/article/the-timexsinclair-2068-bank-switching-and-memory-expansion/) A landmark technical article proposing interim standards for expanding the TS2068 beyond its standard memory limits. Introduces a Bank Switching Controller (BSC) design using a standard PC expansion backplane (EVEREX SYSTEMS EV-168) and an adapter card (VIDJUP Co. design) that can address up to 16 megabytes of memory. Covers the Current Chunk Owner Table (CCOT),[…](/article/the-timexsinclair-2068-bank-switching-and-memory-expansion/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Dandelion Doodles (Op Art for Pete's Sake)](/article/dandelion-doodles-op-art-for-petes-sake/) A short TS2068 BASIC program that generates random dandelion-like geometric patterns using INK, DRAW, and trigonometric functions. The program uses nested FOR loops to generate varying sizes, spoke counts, ink colors, and positions for each dandelion. A second ‘Just for Fun’ variant uses INPUT to accept x, y, and step parameters for generating continuous spirograph[…](/article/dandelion-doodles-op-art-for-petes-sake/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [QL Chaos Program](/article/ql-chaos-program/) SuperBASIC program implementing the logistic map chaotic attractor for the Sinclair QL. Uses WINDOW, FOR/NEXT loops, and POINT commands to visualize the behavior of x = rx(1-x) across parameter values r = 2.978 to 4. The program contains a deliberate or accidental bug; readers are invited to find and correct it. A second shorter variant[…](/article/ql-chaos-program/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SincLink Newsletter 8904 / SLIX Contacts March 1989](/article/sinclink-newsletter-8904-slix-contacts-march-1989/) Monthly SincLink contact log for April 1989 covering March 1989 activity. Includes the SincLink file directory listing (Sn894_dir and related files), newsletter exchange summaries, updates on reading/writing various T/S disk formats on the QL, and user group meeting reports. The HATS (Harrisburg Area T/S Users) newsletter exchange is noted. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Z88 to QL Connections](/article/z88-to-ql-connections-2/) Documents a cable or connection method for interfacing the Cambridge Z88 portable computer with the Sinclair QL,. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* ["Z88 Computing" Book Review](/article/z88-computing-book-review/) Review of the book “Z88 Computing” by Ion Sinclair, covering the Cambridge Z88 portable computer. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Newsletter Exchange Page](/article/newsletter-exchange-page/) Monthly newsletter exchange column presenting excerpts from exchanged publications. This issue includes items from the Sinclair Louisville Users Group (Sep 88) featuring a tape backup utility, and from the Jan. 89 QZX Newsletter covering tape unlocking and color monitor technical issues with the TS2068. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [QL System Variables](/article/ql-system-variables/) Reference guide to selected Sinclair QL system variables with addresses, sizes, and usage notes. Covers RAMTOP+1 (memory expansion detection at 163950), SCREEN_CTD (TV mode status at 163990), SCREEN_STATUS (screen activity at 163991), NET# (network number at 163995), REPEAT_DELAY (163986 word), REPEAT_FREQ (163952 word), and CAPS_LOCK (163976 word, noting a correction to a previous TimeLinez article).[…](/article/ql-system-variables/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Fast Banners](/article/fast-banners/) TS2068 BASIC program reproducing the banner-printing section of Bob Orrfelt’s WP32 word processor, adapted for compilation with TimeMachine for much faster execution. Generates large horizontal banners in 1-inch or 2.5-inch letter sizes using LPRINT to the TS2040 printer. The listing handles user input for banner text, character bitmap extraction, and formatted output with proper acknowledgment[…](/article/fast-banners/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [The Chaotic Return](/article/the-chaotic-return/) Corrected QL SuperBASIC chaos program responding to the challenge posed in issue 4. Replaces POINT with BLOCK for the physical coordinate system, and randomizes the value of r (r = 5 + 512*(r-3)) rather than sweeping sequentially, causing the full bifurcation diagram structure to become visible progressively rather than rendered one line at a time.[…](/article/the-chaotic-return/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Chaos Program #2 from Scientific American](/article/chaos-program-2-from-scientific-american/) Second QL chaos program adapted from Scientific American, implementing a chaotic attractor with parameters a=2.24, b=0.43, c=-0.85, d=3.4. Colors plotted points based on distance moved between iterations (INK 7, 5, or 3 depending on distance thresholds). Uses POINT in a SCALE coordinate system with repeating REPEAT loop. Full SuperBASIC listing provided. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Medicare Income Tax Calculator](/article/medicare-income-tax-calculator/) TS1000 BASIC program (approximately 2K) that calculates the Medicare catastrophic illness income surtax enacted for tax years 1989-1993. Supports all filing statuses (1-5), handles both-spouses Medicare eligibility and living-together scenarios, and computes taxes for each year based on legislated rate schedule (e.g., $800 ceiling in 1989, rising to $1050 by 1993). Displays a year-by-year table[…](/article/medicare-income-tax-calculator/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Z88 to IBM or TS2068 Cable](/article/z88-to-ibm-or-ts2068-cable/) Wiring diagram for a homemade RS232 cable connecting the Cambridge Z88 (DB9 male) to an IBM PC (DB25 female), tested with PROCOMM software on the IBM. The cable also works for connecting the Z88 to the TS2068 via a Z-S10 interface (attached to the modem cable end), and for linking the QL SER2 port to[…](/article/z88-to-ibm-or-ts2068-cable/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Improved TS2068 Internal ROM Bypass](/article/improved-ts2068-internal-rom-bypass-2/) Detailed hardware design for replacing the TS2068’s HOME ROM and EXROM without opening the computer case, using the cartridge slot to intercept the bus enable (BE) signal. Three designs: HOME ROM bypass (Figure 1) using BE-driven suppression of ROMCS in combination with external ROM/RAM; EXROM relocation (Figure 2a) by physically remounting the chip with full[…](/article/improved-ts2068-internal-rom-bypass-2/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [View from the Ramtop](/article/view-from-the-ramtop-2/) Brief editorial celebrating TimeLinez’s sixth birthday and introducing the main technical article on TS2068 memory expansion by William J. Pedersen. Notes a change in meeting schedule for the Silicon Valley Users group (now third Wednesday of each month starting in August), and mentions two new BBS systems serving the Bay Area community. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Microdrives Shortages Coming](/article/microdrives-shortages-coming/) Reports that Ablex, the sole manufacturer of QL microdrive tape cartridges, may cease production after 1989 due to unavailability of BASF magnetic tape. Recommends QL users convert to 3.5″ disk drives, citing four reasons: UK software increasingly ships on 3.5″ media, reliability advantages, reduced drive cost ($75-85 with media at $0.59 from MEI), and availability[…](/article/microdrives-shortages-coming/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [An Unsolicited Plug for Dan Elliott's Repair Service](/article/an-unsolicited-plug-for-dan-elliotts-repair-service/) Enthusiastic recommendation for Dan Elliott of Promise Land Electronics (Cabool, MO) for repair, upgrading, and custom building of ZX/TS computers. Reports fast service and very reasonable prices; cites a recent example of a TS2068 repaired for $25 that the sender had given up on. Provides weekend and evening phone numbers. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [The Latest from S.N.U.G.](/article/the-latest-from-s-n-u-g-2/) Summary of the S.N.U.G. national meeting held May 6, 1989, attended by approximately 35 members with Frank Davis serving as spokesperson in Mel Nathanson’s absence. Reports the confirmed election results for all five officer positions, thanks all candidates, and lists all candidates with withdrawn candidates removed from the tally. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [RMG Catalog on Disk](/article/rmg-catalog-on-disk/) Brief announcement that RMG now offers their complete product catalog on Larken-format disk using TASWORD III word processor, available for $3. Also announces a $12/year monthly disk mailing service with catalog updates and at least 3 public domain programs per year, ready to run. Combined order includes $60 in coupons. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Bug Fix for TimeMachine](/article/bug-fix-for-timemachine/) One-line bug fix for the TiMachine compiler for the TS2068: change the POKE value in line 106 from 32880 to 33880 to correct an error. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Z88 BBS Announcement](/article/z88-bbs-announcement/) Two-part announcement for the ZED-88 BBS, dedicated exclusively to Cambridge Z88 users and located on the US East Coast (703-968-9433, Northern Virginia). Part 1 previews the BBS with approximately 200 files planned and invites interest gauging before the August 1st official launch. Part 2 confirms the BBS is open in beta test mode with about[…](/article/z88-bbs-announcement/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [SincLink Newsletter June and July/August 1989](/article/sinclink-newsletter-june-and-july-august-1989/) Two combined SincLink newsletter issues covering June and July/August 1989 activity. Includes file directory listings for Sn895 and Sn896 (Sn896_dir at approximately 193,386 bytes), newsletter exchange index for June (ScB906) and July/August (ScB907-8), SincLink subscriber list with renewal notices, and SincLink information page. Lists several print multiple-column and newsletter exchange items for both months. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Scrolling Banner](/article/scrolling-banner/) A QL SuperBASIC program that scrolls up to 10 user-entered text strings across the screen in a repeating banner display. Originally written on the ZX81, adapted for the QL with MODE 8, STRIP, and CSIZE commands. Includes keyboard interrupt to re-enter strings or clear data. Full program listing with continuation on the back page. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Sideways Printing](/article/sideways-printing/) A 2068 BASIC program that rotates the character set 90 degrees, allowing the Timex 2040 printer to print spreadsheets and other content sideways for wide columns. Author also offers a machine code version (1,024 bytes) that runs approximately 3x faster, available on tape or disk by request. Disassembly also available. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Sinclair Introduces New Computer](/article/sinclair-introduces-new-computer/) Reprint of a brief item from the San Francisco Chronicle (February 18, 1987) reporting Clive Sinclair’s announcement of a new small laptop computer weighing under two pounds, IBM-compatible, priced at $350–$700, and believed to be the Z88. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [2068 Tape Headers](/article/2068-tape-headers/) Partial listing of SAVE commands and tape header parameters for popular commercial 2068 programs including Chess by Psion, VU-File, VU-Calc, VU-3D, Oliger Print Driver, 32-Print 88, and Zeus Assembler/Monitor. Intended to assist users converting cassette software to disk. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [How to Disable the MERGE Function](/article/how-to-disable-the-merge-function-2/) Describes a technique for protecting a BASIC program from being MERGEd by saving it as machine code using the SAVE…CODE command with the program’s starting address and length. Program runs normally when loaded as CODE, continuing after the SAVE command. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Modification to Multi-Tasking Article](/article/modification-to-multi-tasking-article/) Correction and addendum to the February 1987 multi-tasking article on IM2 interrupts on the TS2068. Clarifies SCLD chip behavior (places 255 on the bus during interrupts), reducing the needed interrupt table to 2 bytes. Also recommends disabling BIT 6 of port 255 during IM2 initialization, adding NOPs, and ending interrupt service routines with RETI rather[…](/article/modification-to-multi-tasking-article/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Mailing Labelmaker](/article/mailing-labelmaker/) A QL SuperBASIC program for printing mailing labels on a full-size printer. Menu-driven with options to print return address labels, all addresses from a built-in DATA file, selected addresses, or manually entered data. Supports four font modes (regular, enlarged, condensed, combined) and doublestrike. Address book stored in DATA lines with optional extended fields. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [GUTS/SV Meeting News](/article/guts-sv-meeting-news/) Combined meeting report for the GUTS/SV (Group Using Timex Sinclair / Silicon Valley) user group covering the January 27, 1987 meeting. Includes proposed future meeting topics (Bob Orrfelt on video modes, Pat Morrissey on hardware, TS1000/Aerco disk demo), plans for video taping meetings, SincLink publication history, and new member announcement from Romania. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [EBZUG News](/article/ebzug-news-7/) Meeting report for the East Bay Z80 User Group (February 26, 1987). Topics include progress on securing a permanent meeting room at the library, upcoming joint meeting announcement, note about the PC8300 ZX81/TS1000 clone ($29.95) spotted in BYTE magazine, David Gray’s RLE graphics downloading work, and a request for help connecting two computers via a[…](/article/ebzug-news-7/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Timex/Sinclair BBS in San Mateo](/article/timex-sinclair-bbs-in-san-mateo/) Announces the launch of a TIMEX/Sinclair Special Interest Group (SIG) on the LogOn Unlimited BBS in San Mateo, CA (415-571-6911). Describes upload/download capabilities for 2068, Spectrum, and QL software, plus plans for ZX81/TS1000/TS1500 files. Explains the message base system, access registration, and relationship to other LogOn boards. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TimeLinez in Transition](/article/timelinez-in-transition/) Editorial announcing Walt Gaby’s handover of the Managing Editor role to Norm Lehfeldt after two years. Notes that Mockridge produced this interim April issue due to the volume of arriving articles and the timing of the transition. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [PC8300 ZX81/TS1000 Clone Hardware Examination](/article/pc8300-zx81-ts1000-clone-hardware-examination/) Detailed physical and electrical examination of the PC8300 TS1000 clone from American Design Components. Covers case dimensions, keyboard (42 keys), chip complement (Z80 CPU, c4005 ULA, AMI 8444 ROM, TMM 2216 RAM), external bus compatibility with ZX81/TS1000, and the author’s repair experience after accidental reverse-polarity power damage. Notes machine code programs cause a looping problem. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Building an RS-232 Port into the 2050 Modem](/article/building-an-rs-232-port-into-the-2050-modem/) Step-by-step guide to installing the Zebra RS-232 circuit board inside the TS2050 modem case with a 3PDT switch for selecting between modem and RS-232 modes. Includes wiring diagrams, pin assignments for a Xerox Memorywriter connection, and BASIC software for driving the printer via the RS-232 port. Uses DS14C88/DS14C89 CMOS driver chips to reduce heat. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Orbit Simulator](/article/orbit-simulator-3/) A QL SuperBASIC program simulating orbital mechanics around a central planetary body. The orbiter starts above the planet and can be given directional thrust using the joystick, allowing demonstration of circular and elliptical orbits. Converted from a C-128 version written by Doug Fries. Author notes the QL runs the program faster than the C-128. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [March PUG Joint Meeting Report](/article/march-pug-joint-meeting-report/) Report on the first joint meeting of Bay Area, Sacramento, and San Joaquin Valley Timex/Sinclair user groups (March 15, 1987). Notes discussion of a possible T/S Fest in the Bay Area in 1988, announcement of the Merced Group BBS running on a 2068, and demonstration of Bob Orrfelt’s corrected and updated 2068 EPROM. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Garland](/article/garland/) A TS2068 BASIC program that draws intricate floral patterns using polar-coordinate equations. Based on mathematical equations from Oleg D. Jefimenko’s 4/86 article, the program draws overlapping circles with petals using adjustable parameters for number of flowers, petal count, radius, step sizes, and curve factor. Author recommends saving with SCREENS. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [TimeLinez Begins Desk-Top Publishing Experiments](/article/timelinez-begins-desk-top-publishing-experiments/) Editorial describing the transition to desktop publishing using the Front Page QL software from GAP Software. Explains the workflow for creating the masthead using Artworks on the 2068 and converting to RLE for import into Front Page. Candidly reviews Front Page’s bugs (corrupted files on save, no file deletion, minimal error trapping) and its strengths[…](/article/timelinez-begins-desk-top-publishing-experiments/) *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26* [Book Review: Introduction to 2068 Machine Code](/article/book-review-introduction-to-2068-machine-code/) Review of Lloyd Dreger’s 213+ page self-study manual for Z80 assembly language on the TS2068. Covers computer number systems, Z80 code, internal machine code, and peripherals. Reviewer notes addresses are primarily in decimal rather than hexadecimal and considers this a good reference work. Highly recommended. *article, orig pub: 03.14.26, updated: 03.14.26*